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1 //$Header$
2 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 //This file is part of "David T. Ashley's Shared Source Code", a set of shared components
4 //integrated into many of David T. Ashley's projects.
5 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 //This source code and any program in which it is compiled/used is provided under the MIT License,
7 //reproduced below.
8 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 //Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
10 //this software and associated documentation files(the "Software"), to deal in the
11 //Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
12 //copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the
13 //Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
14 //subject to the following conditions :
15 //
16 //The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
17 //copies or substantial portions of the Software.
18 //
19 //THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
20 //IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
21 //FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
22 //AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
23 //LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
24 //OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
25 //SOFTWARE.
26 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
27 /* GNU multiple precision rational number algorithms
28 ** (and some extras).
29 */
30
31 #ifndef GMP_RALG_H_INCLUDED
32 #define GMP_RALG_H_INCLUDED
33
34 #ifdef MODULE_GMP_RALG
35 #define DECMOD_GMP_RALG
36 #else
37 #define DECMOD_GMP_RALG extern
38 #endif
39
40 typedef struct
41 {
42 int n;
43 //The number of continued fraction partial quotients
44 //and convergents included in this structure. Indices
45 //are only valid until one less than this value.
46 int nallocd;
47 //The number of slots allocated for partial quotients,
48 //convergents, etc. This goes in blocks of the size
49 //below to avoid numerous reallocation calls.
50 #define GMP_RALG_CF_ALLOC_INCREMENT (10)
51 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct num;
52 //The numerator of the rational number whose continued
53 //fraction decomposition is contained in this structure.
54 //It must be non-negative. The fraction is not
55 //required to be reduced.
56 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct den;
57 //The denominator. It must be positive.
58 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *a;
59 //Pointer to array of arbitrary integers. Each
60 //is one of the partial quotients. This array
61 //is allocated out to nallocd items but only n
62 //are used.
63 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *dividend;
64 //The dividend of each division round.
65 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *divisor;
66 //The divisor at each round.
67 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *remainder;
68 //The remainder of each round.
69 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *p;
70 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *q;
71 //The convergents.
72 } GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct;
73
74
75 //This structure type holds a single neighbor to a rational number we wish
76 //to approximate in either the Farey series of a certain order or
77 //in a rectangular region of the integer lattice. These neighbors
78 //are manipulated in potentially large arrays.
79 typedef struct {
80 int index;
81 //The relative index of the neighbor. 0 means that it is
82 //the reduced and normalized form of the number to be
83 //approximated (although at the present time the number to be
84 //approximated is never included among the neighbors),
85 //"1" means nearest neighbor to the right,
86 //"2" means second nearest neighbor to the right, "-1" means
87 //neighbor to the left, etc.
88 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct neighbor;
89 //The neighbor itself, fully reduced and normalized.
90 } GMP_RALG_fab_neighbor_struct;
91
92 //This structure type holds a collection of neighbors which were
93 //produced on demand to a rational number, either in a Farey series
94 //or in a rectangular region of the integer lattice. The collection
95 //contains the neighbors plus a great deal of other information.
96 typedef struct {
97 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct rn_in;
98 //The rational number which was supplied to have its neighbors
99 //found. This number is raw as supplied by the caller and
100 //not necessarily normalized.
101 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct kmax_in;
102 //The value of KMAX supplied.
103 int hmax_supplied;
104 //TRUE if the problem includes a bound on the numerator, i.e.
105 //rectangular region of integer lattice rather than Farey series.
106 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct hmax_in;
107 //The value of HMAX if it was supplied, or zero otherwise.
108 char *error;
109 //NULL if no error occured in finding the neighbors. If non-NULL,
110 //points to a descriptive string explaining the error.
111 //If this error flag is set, contents of this structure
112 //below this point should not be used--they are not
113 //necessarily valid.
114 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct corner_point;
115 //The normalized (reduced) version of the "corner point"
116 //(HMAX/KMAX). This will only be filled in if
117 //HMAX is specified, or it will be 0/1 otherwise.
118 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct corner_point_minus_one;
119 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct corner_point_plus_one;
120 //The points just before and just above the corner point
121 //in the rectangular region of interest.
122 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct hmax_over_one;
123 //If HMAX is supplied, the rational number which is
124 //HMAX/1. Used for comparisons if we are asked
125 //to approximate a number out of range.
126 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct norm_rn;
127 //The normalized form of the rational number supplied.
128 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct abs_norm_rn;
129 //The absolute value of the normalized form of the rational
130 //number supplied.
131 int rn_is_neg;
132 //Set TRUE if the rational number supplied was negative. This is
133 //not a problem, because symmetry is exploited. For the purposes
134 //of this structure, the Farey series extends on both sides of zero
135 //forever, and a rectangular region of the integer lattice extends
136 //from -HMAX/1 to HMAX/1.
137 int n_left_in;
138 int n_right_in;
139 //The number of left neighbors to the rational number supplied
140 //requested, and the number of right neighbors. Note that if
141 //one of the bounds of the series of interest is encountered,
142 //the actual number supplied may be less.
143 GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct rn_abs_cf_rep;
144 //The CF representation of the absolute value of the
145 //rational number supplied. This always has to be
146 //formed, because it is the only way to immediately
147 //get neighbors.
148 int rn_abs_cf_rep_formed;
149 //Boolean flag to indicate if above has been formed.
150 //This is necessary because otherwise don't have
151 //any obvious clues about whether to free this.
152 GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct rn_abs_recip_cf_rep;
153 //The CF representation of the reciprocal of the
154 //absolute value of the rational number supplied.
155 //If HMAX is supplied, this may need to be formed,
156 //because it will allow us to zero in on neighbors
157 //where HMAX is the dominant constraint.
158 int rn_abs_recip_cf_rep_formed;
159 //Boolean flag to indicate if above has been formed.
160 //This is necessary because otherwise don't have
161 //any obvious clues about whether to free this.
162 GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct corner_point_cf_rep;
163 //The CF representation of the corner point. This is
164 //necessary to find the predecessor to the corner point
165 //in F_KMAX. This will only be calculated if HMAX
166 //is specified.
167 int corner_point_cf_rep_formed;
168 //Boolean flag to indicate if above has been formed.
169 //This is necessary because otherwise don't have
170 //any obvious clues about whether to free this.
171 GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct corner_point_recip_cf_rep;
172 //The CF representation of the reciprocal of the
173 //corner point. This is necessary to find the
174 //successor to the corner point along the HMAX constaint
175 //in the rectangular region of the integer lattice.
176 //This will only be calculated if HMAX is specified.
177 int corner_point_recip_cf_rep_formed;
178 //Boolean flag to indicate if above has been formed.
179 //This is necessary because otherwise don't have
180 //any obvious clues about whether to free this.
181 int equality;
182 //TRUE if the number supplied was already in the series of interest,
183 //or FALSE otherwise.
184 int n_left_out;
185 int n_right_out;
186 //The actual number of neighbors supplied. These may be less
187 //than the number requested only if a boundary of the series of interest
188 //was encountered.
189 GMP_RALG_fab_neighbor_struct *lefts;
190 GMP_RALG_fab_neighbor_struct *rights;
191 //Arrays of neighbors in the series of interest. These are
192 //only stuffed as indicated by "n_left_out" and "n_right_out"--anything
193 //else will hit on dynamic memory that is not initialized. The
194 //left array begins -1 and proceeds leftward through increasingly
195 //negative indices. The right begins with 1 and
196 //proceeds through increasingly positive indices. Each neighbor is
197 //irreducible and normalized. The rational number to be approximated
198 //is NEVER included among the neighbors.
199 } GMP_RALG_fab_neighbor_collection_struct;
200
201 /******************************************************************/
202 /*** INITIALIZATION AND DESTRUCTION FUNCTIONS *******************/
203 /******************************************************************/
204 //Decomposes a rational number into its partial quotients
205 //and convergents. This initializes the "decomp" structure
206 //by allocating space, etc. The numerator must be non-negative
207 //and the denominator must be positive, or else there will be
208 //a failure. To make the interface simpler, the destruction
209 //call must ALWAYS be made, even in the event of a failure.
210 //If a failure occurs, the rational number will be decomposed
211 //as if it were 0/1. This means that if the failure flag
212 //is missed, it will still seem to be a valid rational number.
213 //It is not required that the rational number be reduced.
214 //The two integers passed are not changed at all, but they
215 //are copied into the decomp structure without modification.
216 //After this operation, the destruction call must be made.
217 DECMOD_GMP_RALG void GMP_RALG_cfdecomp_init(
218 GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct *decomp,
219 int *failure,
220 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *num,
221 GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *den);
222 //Destroys all the the data allocated.
223 DECMOD_GMP_RALG void GMP_RALG_cfdecomp_destroy(
224 GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct *decomp
225 );
226
227 /******************************************************************/
228 /*** INITIALIZATION AND DESTRUCTION FUNCTIONS *******************/
229 /******************************************************************/
230 //Prints out a continued fraction decomposition. The banner parameter
231 //may be NULL, which indicates no banner. nf flags whether to
232 //print with "no format", i.e. unformatted strings, separated by
233 //newlines. dap indicates whether to include decimal approximation
234 //information. The dap_denominator only needs to be non-NULL if
235 //"dap" is selected.
236 DECMOD_GMP_RALG
237 void GMP_RALG_cfdecomp_emit(
238 FILE *s,
239 char *banner,
240 GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct *decomp,
241 int nf,
242 int dap,
243 const GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *dap_denominator);
244
245 /******************************************************************/
246 /*** FAREY SERIES PREDECESSOR AND SUCCESSOR FUNCTIONS ***********/
247 /******************************************************************/
248 //The two functions below compute Farey predecessors and
249 //successors. These are straight sequences of arithmetic
250 //operations--no checking for overflow is done. The behavior
251 //below zero will probably not be correct, so these should
252 //not be used to go below 0/1 or with operands below 0/1.
253 DECMOD_GMP_RALG
254 void GMP_RALG_farey_predecessor(
255 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *result,
256 const GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *plus_two,
257 const GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *plus_one,
258 const GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *N);
259 DECMOD_GMP_RALG
260 void GMP_RALG_farey_successor(
261 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *result,
262 const GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *minus_two,
263 const GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *minus_one,
264 const GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *N);
265
266 //Finds the enclosing Farey neighbors to an arbitrary positive,
267 //zero, or negative rational number which may or may not be in
268 //the Farey series of order N.
269 //
270 //INPUTS
271 // rn: Rational number whose neighbors to find. MUST
272 // be normalized, meaning reduced and sign adjusted
273 // so numerator contains the sign.
274 // N: Order of series. MUST be positive.
275 // cf_rep: The continued fraction representation of the
276 // non-negative version of the rational number
277 // whose neighbors to find. The rational number
278 // need not have been reduced when the continued
279 // fraction representation was formed, i.e. only
280 // partial quotients and convergents are used.
281 //OUTPUTS
282 // equality: Set TRUE if the rational number is in the Farey
283 // series, or FALSE otherwise. This affects the
284 // generation of neighbors. If the number is
285 // already in the Farey series its other neighbor
286 // is generated, i.e. the rational number of
287 // interest is never one of the neighbors returned.
288 // left: The left neighbor.
289 // right: The right neighbor.
290 DECMOD_GMP_RALG
291 void GMP_RALG_enclosing_farey_neighbors(
292 const GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *rn,
293 const GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *N,
294 const GMP_RALG_cf_app_struct *cf_rep,
295 int *equality,
296 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *left,
297 GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *right);
298
299 //Provides up to 2**24 - 1 (in concept--we don't recommend this!) terms in either
300 //the Farey series or in a rectangular region of the integer lattice. The caller
301 //must provide the space to be used, and must free it afterwards--this function
302 //performs no dynamic allocation.
303 DECMOD_GMP_RALG
304 void GMP_RALG_consecutive_fab_terms(
305 const GMP_RATS_mpq_struct *rn_in,
306 //The rational number whose neighbors are to be found.
307 const GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *kmax,
308 //Maximum denominator.
309 const GMP_INTS_mpz_struct *hmax,
310 //Maximum numerator, or a NULL pointer or a non-null pointer but
311 //an arbitrary integer value of 0 if only the Farey series is being
312 //considered.
313 int n_left_in,
314 //The number of left neighbors requested. Must be non-negative.
315 int n_right_in,
316 //The number of right neighbors requested. Must be non-negative.
317 GMP_RALG_fab_neighbor_collection_struct *result
318 //The structure containing all results. Even if there is an error
319 //condition, this must be freed when done by the caller.
320 );
321
322 //Frees the dynamic memory consumed by an earlier call to generate the
323 //neighbor information.
324 DECMOD_GMP_RALG
325 void GMP_RALG_consecutive_fab_terms_result_free(
326 GMP_RALG_fab_neighbor_collection_struct *arg
327 //The structure whose members to free up. After this call,
328 //the structure must be considered invalid.
329 );
330
331 //Debugging function. Dumps the contents of the neighbor structure to the indicated
332 //stream for analysis.
333 DECMOD_GMP_RALG
334 void GMP_RALG_consecutive_fab_terms_result_dump(
335 FILE *s,
336 GMP_RALG_fab_neighbor_collection_struct *arg);
337
338 /******************************************************************/
339 /*** VERSION CONTROL REPORTING FUNCTIONS ************************/
340 /******************************************************************/
341 DECMOD_GMP_RALG const char *GMP_RALG_cvcinfo(void);
342 DECMOD_GMP_RALG const char *GMP_RALG_hvcinfo(void);
343 #define GMP_RALG_H_VERSION ("$Header$")
344 #endif
345
346 //End of gmp_ralg.h.

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